A COMPARISON OF TWO FLASH-CARD METHODS FOR IMPROVING SIGHT-WORD READING

A comparison of two flash-card methods for improving sight-word reading.

Flash cards have been shown to be useful for teaching sight-word reading. To date, the most effective flash-card instruction method is incremental rehearsal (IR). This method involves the instructor interspersing unknown stimulus items into the presentation of known stimulus items. In this study, we compared IR to a modified IR procedure-strategic incremental rehearsal (SIR)-to determine whethe...

Deficit irrigation for corn: a comparison of two methods

assessment of deep word knowledge in elementary and advanced iranian efl learners: a comparison of selective and productive wat tasks

testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

A Comparison of Two Smoothing Methods for Word Bigram Models

Word bigram models estimated from text corpora require smoothing methods to estimate the probabilities of unseen bigrams. The deleted estimation method uses the formula: Pr(i j j) = fi + (1 )fijj ; where fi and fijj are the relative frequency of i and the conditional relative frequency of i given j, respectively, and is an optimized parameter. MacKay (1994) proposes a Bayesian approach using Di...

Development of Sight Word Reading: Phases and Findings

The hallmark of skilled reading is the ability to read individual words accurately and quickly in isolation as well as in text, referred to as “context free” word reading skill (Stanovich, 1980). For a skilled reader, even a quick glance at a word activates its pronunciation and meaning. Being able to read words from memory by sight is valuable because it allows readers to focus their attention...